Beethoven the Greatest Composer of All Time. - 1267 Words

â€Å"The instrumental music of the German composer Ludwig van Beethoven forms a peak in the development of tonal music and is one of the crucial evolutionary developments in the history of music as a whole.† ~ Unknown Mozart aside, Ludwig van Beethoven is the most famous classical composer of the western world. Beethoven is remembered for his powerful and stormy compositions, and for continuing to compose and conduct even after he began to go deaf at age 28. The ominous four-note beginning to his Fifth Symphony is one of the most famous moments in all of music. He wrote nine numbered symphonies in all. Beethoven never married. After his death his friends found letters to a lover he called Immortal Beloved, whose identity has never†¦show more content†¦In 1812, however, he wrote a passionate love-letter to an ‘Eternally Beloved’, but the letter was never sent. With his powerful and expansive middle-period works, which include the Pastoral Symphony, Symphonies nos.7 and 8, Piano Concertos nos.4, and 5 and the Violin Concerto, as well as more chamber works and piano sonatas. Beethoven was firmly established as the greatest composer of his time. His piano-playing career had finished in 1808. That year he had considered leaving Vienna for a secure post in Germany, but three Viennese noblemen had banded together to provide him with a steady income and he remained there, although the plan foundered in the ensuing Napoleonic wars in which his patrons suffered and the value of Austrian money declined. The years after 1812 were relatively unproductive. He seems to have been seriously depressed, by his deafness and the resulting isolation, by the failure of his marital hopes and by anxieties over the custodianship of the son of his late brother, which involved him in legal actions. But he came out of these trials to write his profoundest music, which surely reflects something of what he had been through. There are seven piano sonatas in this, his ‘late period’, including the turbulent ‘Hammerklavier’ op.106, with its dynamic writing and its harsh, rebarbative fugue, and op.110, which also has fugues and much eccentric writing at the Show MoreRelatedJohann Van Beethoven And The Greatest Composer Of All Time955 Words   |  4 PagesTest Part 1 Beethoven Due 11/19/14 Ludwig Van Beethoven lived a very complex life. When Beethoven was a young boy he suffered the abuse of his alcoholic father. He later lost who he thought to be â€Å"the only one who ever loved him†, along with his hearing which due to his passion for music made him feel less important. Beethoven went through struggle after struggle making a name for himself. But despite all of the heartache and despair in his life his music overcame it all. Beethoven used his musicalRead MoreThe Greatest Composer Of All Time1281 Words   |  6 Pagesgreat composer, but Beethoven is the greatest composer of all time. Everyone has heard the name Beethoven before. Why is he one of the greatest composer of all time? The answer is easy. He influenced so many composer after he died. Just like how Michael Jackson influenced other artistes when he passed away. He made a huge impacted during the classical period and to world. His music were influenced into the next centuries, and he’s con sidered the best composer of all time. Ludwig Van Beethoven wasRead MoreThe Life And Works Of Ludwig Van Beethoven1016 Words   |  5 PagesLudwig van Beethoven What you are, you are by accident of birth; what I am, I am by myself. There are and will be a thousand princes; there is only one Beethoven (Beethoven, Favorite Classical Composers). This quote by Ludwig van Beethoven shows just how confident of a composer he was. When people to day think of Beethoven they may think of some of his famous works such as Missa solemnis, his Ninth Symphony, or his Pastoral Symphony. Other people may see Beethoven as a deaf composer who lived aRead MoreThe Greatest Composer Of All Time1386 Words   |  6 Pageswell-known composers, but Beethoven is the greatest composer of all time. Everyone has heard the name Beethoven before. Why is he one of the greatest composer of all time? The answer is easy. He influenced so many composers after he died. Just like how Michael Jackson influenced other artists when he passed away. He made a huge impacted during the classical period and to the world. His music was influenced into the next centuries, and he is cons idered to be the best composer of all time. Ludwig VanRead MoreThe Greatest Composer Of All Time1393 Words   |  6 PagesComposer and Pianist, Ludwig Van Beethoven, who is universally considered the greatest composer of all time was born in December of 1770 into a modest family in a small German town called Bonn. Beethoven got his name from his late Flemish grandfather who was a bass player at court and then in 1761 he became maestro of the chapel (Iulian Munteanu, Onesti, Romania). During his short years of living in his hometown Bonn, he studied a wide variety of compositions and played the piano and viola. BeethovenRead MoreThe Works Of William Shakespeare s Beethoven 1260 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, his one opera would have to be at the top of the list. Fidelio was the only opera Beethoven wrote. Not only was it his only opera, but he rewrote it three times with at least â€Å"four different overtures† (Hanning 378). If this does not show Beethoven’s quality is his work then what does? He wanted this o pera to be absolutely perfect, and it was fantastic! Not only were the music and words great, but Beethoven made sure to have a strong plot line to back it up. â€Å"Beethoven’s music transforms thisRead MoreLudwig Van Beethoven, Pianist And Composer1197 Words   |  5 Pages10-15-14 Ludwig Van Beethoven Ludwig Van Beethoven, a widely known pianist and composer, was born on about December 16, 1770 in Bonn, Germany. He was baptized on December 17, 1770. The actual date of his birth is unknown, but because most babies were baptized within 24 hours of birth, December 16 was his most likely birthdate. Beethoven, however, insisted that he was born 2 years later. Although he was presented with official papers of his birth, he still stubbornly objected. Beethoven had two youngerRead More Ludwig Van Beethoven Essay1285 Words   |  6 Pages German composer and pianist, Ludwig van Beethoven, was born December 1770 and spent most of his life in Vienna, Austria. His first teacher was his alcoholic father, who worked as a musician at the Court of Bonn. Teaching him day and night, Ludwig suffered from his fathers harsh and erratic behavior. For a time, he and his father played at the Church. As his fathers alcoholism increased, Ludwig became the main musician. Beethovens talents were discovered at an early age, and he was sentRead MoreLudwig Van Beethovens Life and Accomplishments Essay898 Words   |  4 Pages Ludwig Van Beethoven was born on December 16, 1770 in Bonn, Germany and he died on March 26, 1827 in Vienna Austria. Beethoven’s music is mostly associated with the classical era because that is when he crafted most of his greatest works. Beethoven’s father and grandfather were both musicians that played at Court of Elector of Cologne. Beethoven’s main instrument that he played was the piano. He was taught by his father how to play the piano. His father was very strict on him, and sometimes heRead MoreLudwig Van Beethoven1210 Words   |  5 Pagesof a Legend Ludwig van Beethoven, also known as The General of Musicians, was born on December 16, 1770. However, this date is not exact because it is believed that Beethovens father lied about his sons age in order to portray him as an infant prodigy. As a result, Beethoven is convinced he was born on December 16, 1772 at the Rheingasse home, which belonged to the Fischers, who were close friends of the family (Orga 8). Johann van and Maria Magdalena Beethoven bore five children of which

Ecosystem Management of the Laurentian Great Lakes Free Essays

Management of the Laurent Great Lakes Common among models implemented in environmental management is the driver-pressure-state-response concept. This type of model uses Indicators to quantify and simplify changes occurring in natural systems. Changes in the environment, according to this model, all originate from human activity which exert pressure or stress on the system. We will write a custom essay sample on Ecosystem Management of the Laurentian Great Lakes or any similar topic only for you Order Now This model attempts to solve environmental crisis by determining the human activity creating the problem and responding to change with environmental and economic policies. In the 1 9705, Environment Canada reposed a model similar to this called the state-pressure-response model, that would be used to mediate environmental issues emerging throughout the Laurent Great Lakes ecosystems. At this time, the Great Lakes faced a number of ecosystem threats stemming from the mismanagement of fisheries, Industry and farming both in Canada and in the united States. Decision makers determined that a state- pressure-response model would more efficient in tackling the sheer number of environmental issues faced at the time, as this type of model focuses on handling specific Issues already present. Although this model was useful In reducing pressures by enforcing stricter environmental policies, it fails to consider environmental change over time. It also fails to recognize the ecosystem as a whole as it targets each individual issue separately, giving no consideration as to how one Issue may be affecting or creating another. State-pressure-response models simply look at environmental Issues already present, there is no degree of attempting to prevent and control environmental stress. Disregarding the possibility of environment change, and ignoring basic ecosystem concepts, creates greater issues hat will only continue to grow as climate change and population growth add more stress to the lakes. Since the sass’s, prevent-control models have proven to be more effective in eradicating and decreasing issues present in the environment. For this reason, although a state-pressure- response model was successful in diminishing major ecological concerns of the Laurent Great Lakes in the sass’s, a more holistic, prevent-control model Is needed to respond to present and future ecological concerns. Current Great Lake environmental management strategies assume the lake ecosystems are static not dynamic. Over the past thirty years of management, this assumption has lead to ramifications which will only continue to worsen as climate change Is expected to pose new threats and changes to the environment. The degradation of wetlands in and around the Great Lakes is one of the ramifications of this assumption. Wetlands are the interface between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, therefore, management strategies must acknowledge environmental changes occurring In both ecosystems. Since the 1 9705, the Increase In alarm temperature, frequency and duration of water level changes, and the increase of inconsideration (Mortars, 2004). Without standardized analytical monitoring of environmental change, issues within Great Lake wetlands with only continue to emerge (Environment Canada Report, 2005). Ignorance to dynamic ecosystem concepts have also lead to the increase of reconciling pesticides in some areas (Environment Canada Report, 2005). This reinforces the need for monitoring environmental change rather than focusing only on issues present during the time the model is put into action. Looking into the future, the state-pressure-response model, which assumes lunatic stationary, will render inadequate as new issues emerge from climate change and arbitration. If governments continue to use a state-pressure-response model for the management of the lakes, many environmental changes will go undocumented and untreated, see Figure 1 in Appendix (Macdonald, 2009). Numerous studies have predicted that climate change is expected to significantly decrease water levels in lakes and streams throughout North America (Michele, 2007). Decreasing water levels in the Great Lakes will increase their vulnerability to toxic contaminates (Valiant, 2008). It would be greatly beneficial for environmental management models to already begin taking into account and monitoring these changes to lessen the effects of climate change. Stricter environmental policies for industries and farming practices should already be in consideration to prevent environmental concerns in the future. The environmental regulations that will need to be enforced will require much thought as well, such as debates over using a cap and trade or other emissions cutback strategies to lessen industry emissions if is required. The sooner these issues are dealt with, the more equipped decision makers will be at solving future crises. Other future concerns pertaining to the increase of arbitration around the lakes, primarily Lake Ontario, will be another negative environmental factor needing monitoring and acknowledgement of ecosystem change. With arbitration it is expected that natural vegetation will be removed and replaced with impermeable concrete surfaces which allow water to flow directly into river channels, increasing sedimentation and pollutants in runoff (Foote, 1996). Sedimentation describes the process of depositing sediment or gravel. An increase in this process will have effects felt by the entire ecosystem. Domestic water supply will be contaminated and suspended sediment will have adverse effects on the growth of aquatic plant life as it decreases the light which is able to penetrate the water (UNESCO, 2011). Fish breeding grounds and feeding zones will also be effected by an increase in suspended sediment, thus threatening fish populations. Another issue with arbitration will be the swell in atmospheric contaminates from industries, and increase in carbon dioxide from transportation use (Science Daily, 2008). Both environmental concerns will need to be monitored and regulated if governments are o establish efficient and effective environmental management strategies for the future. Before arbitration and climate change present astronomical environmental issues, governments need to consider models which recognize the environment as being in a constant state of change which will encourage critical monitoring of the lakes. Another consideration is the use of a holistic model, quite unlike the model sass’s, when management decisions were being made on the Great Lakes, State of the Great Lakes Conference (SOLES) developed an indicators utilizing framework to identify major concerns of the lakes at the time, see Figure 2 in Appendix (Mitchell, 2004). The issue with using indicators to indemnify environmental problems is that it ignores the complex relationships within the ecosystem. Earlier approaches to ecosystem management examined organisms in their ecosystem context, this was later altered to the study of an entire local system with all of its biochemistry (Mitchell, 2004). SOLES has failed to adapt the new method of ecosystem management which better explains, what and why things are happening in the ecosystem. In the early sass’s, excessive recreational boating activity and shipping on the lakes lead to the introduction of a handful of invasive species. The most ecologically harmful being invasive species Addressed polymorph (zebra mussels), which has eliminated the native clam population in Lake Ontario, see Figure 3 in Appendix (Griffith, 1991). Following the state-pressure-response model, it was identified that ballast water discharge from transoceanic vessels was a major contributor to this problem. However, it was not until later that scientists began to notice the effect of this population on that of the native clam (Olden, 2008). This proves that the disconnect of species to species interaction assumed in the model will only result in unpredicted, complex ecological concerns which arise at a later time (Height et al, 2006). It is clear that an essential tool for lake management, are models that describe in detail the lake ecosystem which studies both species and human interaction and species to species interaction. Typically with indicator utilizing frameworks, like that of the state-pressure- response model, environmental management efforts are enforced only when an issues present themselves as a larger problem. In lake ecosystems, the alteration of water quality due to pollution tends to have a multiplying effect, as toxic activity accumulates over time (Ultras, 2005). Since state-pressure-response models do not exist without indicators, it is only until there is a larger scale ecosystem consequence that environmental investigation is undertaken. Once investigation begins, indemnifying the pressure or effect creating an issue is complex, and thus, additional time is taken before any action is seen to mediate the problem. Essentially, this model waits for a problem to reach crisis portions before action is taken (Berger, 997). In some cases, environmental responses to human activity cannot be linked to specific stresses (Berger, 1997). This is especially true when targeting point and non- point source pollution. Point and non-point source are the categories which define the main types of pollution. The first being a single identifiable localized source and the second source generally unidentifiable, such as runoff from farmland. In some areas of Lake Ontario, there are hundreds of industries and farms bordering the shoreline. Their by-products (being emissions and runoff inputs to the system are official to identify, and it becomes impossible in some cases to then identify the cause (Berger, 1997). However, the purpose of the state-pressure-response model is to recognize the source and create environmental policies to control the problem. If the source is not found, this will not happen and the problem will continue to grow. Therefore, ecosystem management models need to achieve some degree of rather than unanswered problems. Prevent-control models are needed if current and future ecological concerns of the Great Lakes are to be handled intelligently and in a time appropriate manner. Over the past twenty years, there has been a nationwide use of prevent-control models, which operate quite differently than state-pressure-response models. Prevent-control models are aimed to reduce the amount of environmental issues that arise by diligent monitoring of systems and science inspired decision making. An excellent example of this type of model is the prevention of the spread of the southern pine beetle in western Canada. In some areas, a direct control and preventative management practice requiring the removal of tree stands, known as a cut and remove, have been used (Billings et al, 2007). Although this type of method squires quite accurate and risky decision making, the difference between this model and the state-pressure-response model is astronomical in terms of maintaining ecosystem integrity. The application of a prevent and control model has been used around the Great Lakes area in efforts of counteracting the spread of non-native species from the Great Lakes into other watersheds (Cook and Williamsburg, 2001). This model is known as an on-the-ground management, meaning that there is extensive monitoring at these water bodies. This type of management is dependent upon a detailed understanding of ecosystem dynamics. Scientists first determine if a site is viable for a colony to reach, and then examines it’s possible success and impact potential. Thus far, this model have been successful in controlling the spread of the hundreds of non-native species from the Great Lakes into its neighboring water systems. This model can easily be adapted into the management of the Great Lakes. Although this type of model requires an extraordinary amount of effort from the scientific community, the expertise are already there and the environmental benefits would be well worth the effort. Human pressure on the Great Lakes is quite extensive, ND a result, lake ecosystems are unable to operate in a self-sustaining manner due to the interference or changes that exceed their capacity for self-repair (Ultras, 2005). It is essential that models in effect prevent and control environmental issues of the Great Lake to ensure irreversible damage is avoided, even if this means more funding towards monitoring and scientific expertise. To mange present and future environmental concerns of the Great Lakes, decision makers must discard the old pressure-state-response model and replace it with a holistic, prevent-control model. These types of models encourage strategic, analytical monitoring that will solve many issues in the management of the Great Lakes faced today, with the current state-pressure-response method. Monitoring ensures the documentation of ecosystem changes which will be important in the future for determining climate change effects. 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Air Pollution in the Los Angeles Basin Sample Essay Example For Students

Air Pollution in the Los Angeles Basin Sample Essay Budget Travel Magazine late conducted a study to place the top 10 most popular travel finishs in the universe. Amongst metropoliss including Paris. Rome. and Tokyo stands Los Angeles at figure six. Surprising? To locals possibly. but a bulk of the universe views Los Angeles as a glamourous metropolis ; place to Hollywood. famous persons. and. of class. Disneyland. Travelers are taken aback when they become cognizant of the terrible degrees of air pollution in the ambiance of the Los Angeles Basin. Throughout the 20th century and into present twenty-four hours. the Los Angeles Basin. the country incorporating the metropolis of Los Angeles every bit good as its adjacent suburbs. has developed one of the worst instances of air pollution in the universe. Society has developed an intense trust on the combustion of fossil fuels. ensuing in a thick accretion of chemicals from nursery gases in the ambiance. In order to cut down pollutant construct up and reconstruct the ambiance. the populat ion of Los Angeles must diminish its demand for and usage of fossil fuels by change overing to renewable energy beginnings. following rigorous statute law sing emanation control. and changing personal wonts to take a â€Å"greener† life style. Before Los Angeles ( LA ) was an American metropolis. the country was under Spanish and Mexican regulation for a long period of clip. Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo. a Portuguese-born adventurer. claimed the country of southern California for the Spanish Empire in 1542. The Mexican people achieved independency from the Spanish Empire in 1821. However. Mexican regulation rapidly ended due to the Mexican–American War in 1846 ( â€Å"The Early Settlement of Los Angeles. † n. d. ) . Once apart of the United States. LA began to transform into what it is today. The building of railwaies across the state made LA more accessible and started an addition in population. The find of oil besides prompted a growing in population. By the early twentieth century. LA became a centre of oil production. This served as a accelerator to the start of urbanisation and industrialisation of the West seashore. Today. the metropolis of LA is place to about four million people ( â€Å"State and County Q uickfacts. † 2011 ) . doing LA the 2nd largest population centre in the United States. The full LA basin. nevertheless. is about 17. 500 km2 with a entire population of 16 million ( Chow. 2004 ) . LA’s big population size is an of import constituent sing the area’s heavy air pollution. There are many grounds why LA has such a high population. LA County is a cardinal location for many large concerns and corporations. Resulting in a big demand for business communities and businesswomen. Hollywood. beaches. museums. amusement Parkss. and other attractive forces make for one of the biggest tourer industries in the state. The touristry industry supplies an copiousness of occupations. and is hence a ground people live in the country. Not to advert the gratifying Mediterranean clime and premier location are major inducements for people to populate in the LA country. On the other manus. the geographics and clime of LA are besides a conducive factors as to why LA’s air is so contaminated. Harmonizing to the article â€Å"Los Angeles ; Traffic and Smog† . the surrounding mountains. remission inversions. and high solar strength produce ideal conditions for the atmospheric stagnancy conductive to pollutant reaction and buildup in LA. Besides. â€Å"the air circulation form allows air pollutants to construct up in the air shed until the transition of a new conditions front† ( Chow. 1996 ) . leting pollutants to linger above the basin for long periods of clip. In order to turn to the job of pollutant buildup. one must cognize where the pollutants are coming from. There are a figure of beginnings. both point and non-point. of pollutants in LA. Coal-fired power workss and motor vehicles spew out most of the nation’s N oxide ( Bes . Rogalski. A ; Warminski. 2008 ) . In LA. autos and other motor vehicles are the primary beginning of the city’s ill-famed smog-primarily ozone. In fact. 76 per centum of the entire air pollution is attributable to mobile beginnings ( â€Å"Los Angeles ; Traffic and Smog. † 1994 ) . Motor vehicles produce pollutants like C monoxide. nitrogen oxide. and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. which are of much concern to car applied scientists ( Pearson. 2001 ) . Another outs tanding beginning of pollutants is coal-black engine fumess. This supplies for 12 per centum of air toxins ( Cass. Hannigan. A ; Harley. 1992 ) . These pollutants are harmful to the human organic structure and dramatically diminish the degree of air quality. Growth and alteration in engineering has resulted in an addition in the degree of air toxins. Since the Industrial revolution. worlds have been adding green house gases in inordinate sums to the ambiance. Throughout the 20th century. society has become more dependent on new types of machinery doing an addition in the combustion of fossil fuels. This dependance has continued into the present twenty-four hours. The U. S. increased its ammonium hydroxide emanations by 27 per centum from 1970 to 2005. harmonizing to a 2009 paper in the diary Environmental Science A ; Technology ( â€Å"Los Angeles ; Traffic and Smog. † 1994 ) . But why should we be concerned with the addition in gases and air toxins? These gases increase the nursery consequence. ensuing in the phenomenon known as â€Å"global heating. † The addition in nursery gases has the possible to do ruinou s jobs for Earth and the lives on it ( Lovgren. 2004 ) . There is an eternal list of both minor and highly serious wellness effects of air toxins. Unfortunately. kids are particularly vulnerable due to increased susceptibleness as their lungs develop and their organic structures grow. Pearson ( 2001 ) provinces in his book â€Å"chemical onslaught of lung tissue can for good impair tissue. † ensuing in chemical bronchitis and an addition in asthma instances. Already the prevalence of reported asthma. particularly among kids. has risen dramatically in the United States over the past 20 old ages ( â€Å"Pollution in Los Angeles County. † n. d. ) . In the 2012 Environmental Health Legislation. writers Farquhar and Noble place air toxins as important subscribers to wellness jobs such as concerns. pharynx annoyance. heavy metal poisoning. encephalon and kidney harm. and even malignant neoplastic disease. If spiels of increasing nursery gases continue. these wellness conditions will decline and ensue in more terminal diagnosings. Smog and haze are besides serious effects produced from nursery gas emanations. The geographics of the LA Basin allows for smog and haze to stay in the ambiance of the metropolis. The think bed of smog and haze creates visibleness damages throughout the metropolis. This is easy recognized by anyone who visits or resides in LA. Combustion related atoms are to fault for the debasement in visibleness ( Chow. 2004 ) . Besides. â€Å"smog was attributed to the deceases of 50 % of trees in nearby countries. † ( Su. 2002 ) . Trees are needed in order to cut down degrees of CO2 in the air. If smog continues to kill trees. the sum of air toxins will quickly increase even more. Miss Argumentative EssayThe Clean Air Act of 1990 is another authorities effort to cut down air pollution. The emanation controls of the three-tier program represent the most terrible air quality direction demands of all time proposed for any metropolis ( â€Å"Los Angeles ; Traffic and Smog. † 1994 ) . The jurisprudence encourages the usage of market-based rules and other advanced attacks. and provides a model from which alternate clean fuels will be used. The jurisprudence promotes the usage of clean low S coal and natural gas. In add-on. an acerb rain plan that gives public-service corporations flexibleness to obtain needful emanation decreases was created to promote clients to conserve energy ( â€Å"Clean Air Act Amendment. † 1990 ) . Overall. the jurisprudence has caused a diminution in ambient concentrations of particulate affair. However. many inquiry its effectivity since there have been merely minimum alterations in LA’s air composing after 20 old age s of its execution. With stronger enforcement of The Clean Air Act of 1990 and attempts by the SCAQMD. the LA Basin will hold a cleaner and clearer hereafter. Development of renewable energy beginnings and cleaner engineering will besides lend to a promising hereafter for LA air quality. Over the past decennary or so. engineering for the use of renewable resources has been materialized and put to utilize around the universe. Southern California entirely has tonss of undertakings in production ( â€Å"Renewable Energy. † 2009 ) . The landscape and location of Southern California create an ideal environment for solar and wind farms. Nearby deserts supply level land and high-intensity sunbeams perfect for solar panel engineering. while coastal air currents can be captured and converted to energy by air current turbines. The turning popularity of intercrossed and low-emission vehicles will besides assist to cut down chemicals in the ambiance. Recent productions of different intercrossed and low-emission vehicle theoretical accounts. like the Nissan Leaf or Chevy Volt. are doing these types of vehicles more touchable and appealing to the populace. Besides. the SCAQMD is co-sharing the undertaking cost with a figure of industries to develop a manner to utilize â€Å"H2 alternatively of gasolene. every bit good as compare different fueling schemes and H2 production methods† ( Chow. 2004 ) . With the usage of renewables the SCAQMD intends to â€Å"advance the engineering. better competition. addition experience. and. hence. cut down the costs to speed up commercialization† ( Chow. 2004 ) . These exciting promotions in the engineering and usage of renewable resources provide an attack to cut down our trust on fossil fuels and lessen the sum of nursery gases being released into the air. Along with the usage of modern engineerings. transition of rigorous statute law refering emanations into the environment will assist hike the air quality in LA. Economic instruments such as emanation revenue enhancements and emanation trading â€Å"will use the power of the market to promote usage of cleansing agent engineering and fuels† ( Kuo-Jen et al. . 2010 ) . A market-based system will bring forth methods to cut down nursery emanations through usage of the â€Å"polluter pays† construct ( Chow. 2004 ) . Constructing statute law of this sort will coerce citizens and corporations to collaborate and lend in the attempt to regenerate the ambiance of the LA Basin. Los Angeles plays host to 1000000s of tourer twelvemonth unit of ammunition coming to see celebrated LA attractive forces. acquire a gustatory sensation of Hollywood glamor. or to see the beauty of California. Travelers can happen these experiences. nevertheless. few anticipate the world of highly hapless air quality conditions. When in fact. LA has the worst air pollution studies of any metropolis in the state. If citizens cooperate with authorities policies and cut down dependance on fossil fuels. degrees of nursery gas emanations in the Los Angeles Basin will decrease overtime. Once and for all. raising the head covering of smog to bring out the beauty of Los Angeles tourers expect and citizens can be proud of. Mentions Bes . A. . Rogalski. L. . A ; Warminski. K. . ( 2008 ) . Carbon Dioxide Emission to the Atmosphere from Overburden under Controlled Temperature Conditions. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies ; 2008. Vol. 17 Issue 3. 427-432. 6p. Cass. G. R. . Hannigan. M. P. . A ; Harley. R. A. ( 1992 ) . Speciation of organic gas emanations and the sensing of surplus unburned gasolene in the ambiance. Environmental Science A ; Technology. 26 ( 12 ) . 2395-2395. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //search. proquest. com/docview/14304467? accountid=1452 Chow. J. C. ( 2004 ) . Introduction to the A A ; WMA 2004 Critical Review Megacities and Atmospheric Pollution. Journal of the Air A ; Waste Management Association. 54. 642-643. Department of the Interior: 10. 1080/10473289. 2004. 10470940 Chung. K. . Zhang. J. . A ; Zhong. N. ( 2011 ) . Outdoor air pollution and respiratory wellness in Asia. Respirology. 16 ( 7 ) . 1023-1026. doi:10. 1111/j. 1440-1843. 2011. 02034. ten Clean Air Ac t Amendments. ( 1990 ) . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. Environmental Protection Agency. gov/air/caa/overview. txt Early Settlement of Los Angeles. ( n. d. ) . Los Angeles: Past. Present. and Future. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. usc. edu/libraries/archives/la/historic/la_settlement. hypertext markup language Farquhar. D. . A ; Noble. A. A. ( 2012 ) . 2012 Environmental Health Legislation. Journal Of Environmental Health. 75 ( 3 ) . 42-45. Fiftieth Anniversary of Smog War. ( 1997 ) . The Southland’s War on Smog: Fifty Old ages of Progress Toward Clean Air. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. aqmd. gov/news1/Archives/History/marchcov. hypertext markup language # The % 20Arrival % 20of % 20Air % 20Pollution Kuo-Jen. L. . Tagaris. E. . Russell. A. G. . Praveen. A. . Shan. H. . Kasemsan. M. . A ; Jung-Hun. W. ( 2010 ) . Cost Analysis of Impacts of Climate Change on Regional Air Quality. Journal Of The Air A ; Waste Manage ment Association. 60 ( 2 ) . 195-203. DOI:10. 3155/1047-3289. 60. 2. 195 Los Angeles: Traffic and Smog. ( 1994 ) . Environment. 36 ( 2 ) . 12. Lovgren. Stephan. ( 2004 ) Warming to Cause Catastrophic Rise in Sea Level? National Geographic. 214 ( 3 ) . 74-75. Most Populated Cities in US. ( 2011 ) . Explordia. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //exploredia. com/most-populated-cities-in-us-2011/ Pearson K. . John. ( 2001 ) . Bettering Air Quality: Advancement and Challenges for the Automobile Industry. Warrendale. Pennsylvania: Society of Automobile Engineers. Inc. . Polvani. L. M. . Waugh. D. W. . Correa. G. P. . A ; Seok-Woo. S. ( 2011 ) . Stratospheric Ozone Depletion: The Main Driver of Twentieth-Century Atmospheric Circulation Changes in the SouthernHemisphere. Journal Of Climate. 24 ( 3 ) . 795-812. doi:10. 1175/2010JCLI3772. 1 Pollution in Los Angeles County. ( n. d. ) . Rabbit Air. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. rabbitair. com/pollution-in-los-angeles-county. aspx Renewable Energy. ( 2009 ) . Los Angeles County Departme nt of Regional Planning. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //planning. lacounty. gov/energy States and County Quickfacts. ( 2011 ) . The United States Census. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //quickfacts. nose count. gov/qfd/states/06/06037. hypertext markup language Su. Felicia. ( 2002 ) . All That Smog. University of California at Berkeley Environmental Economics A ; Policy 101. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //are. Berkeley. edu/courses/EEP101/spring03/AllThatSmog/extern. hypertext markup language

Ludwig Van Beethoven Essays (1001 words) - Music, Classical Music

Ludwig Van Beethoven Beethoven For many people, Ludwig Van Beethoven is considered the greatest composer who ever lived and is the highest level of musical geniuses. His compositions are the expression of one of the most powerful musical personalities of all time which he exceeded above average in both areas of Classical and Romantic labeling. Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany, December 16, 1770, and was baptized on December 17. His father, Johann, was a singer employed by the Elector of Cologne in Bonn. Johann married Maria Magdalena Laym, a cooks daughter. Together they had seven children of which three sons survived, Beethoven was the oldest (Colliers Encyclopedia, Beethoven). When Johanns career was threatened by alcoholism, he saw his chance to get rich by exploiting his son Beethoven as a child prodigy. He claimed Beethoven was years younger than he actually was, neglected his formal education, and made him practice his music endlessly. His attempt to get rich was a disaster and probably encouraged the bru sque and withdrawing personality Beethoven developed. Beethoven was a solo pianist and piano teacher when he was in his twenties. He was well known for his temperamental nature. He had to abandon his performing career of deafness. By this time, he was well known as a composer and was able to live by the profits of concerts and sale of his works to publishers. He was the most revered composer in all of Europe and regarded as the greatest living example of Romantic, artistic genius (McLeish, pg. 18-19). Sonate Pathetique, Opus 13 was written in 1798 and named by the composer Ludwig Van Beethoven. This Sonate was extremely romantic because of the charged first movement, while the Adagio Movement is sad, yet comforting. The third movement of the Pathetique was considered Rondo. The key of the Adagio Movement is A Flat, the submediant Key of the opening Grave section. The form is a cross between Rondo and Theme and Variations because the A or Main Theme sections have the same melody, but the accompanying parts are varied. Although Beethoven still uses the tonic-dominant relationships to start and end his first section, mm. 1-16, even ending his first theme with a perfect authentic cadence the composer begins to use keys with third relationships. The main theme is in the key of A flat, however the second theme is in the relative minor key of F minor. MM 17-23 are very pivotal in nature and by mm. 23 Beethoven has modulated to the dominant key of E flat major. The remainder of the piece gives the feeling of A flat major, although section c, mm. 36-50. contain many modulations. The coda begins in mm 66-4 through the end and contains a series of V - I cadences. The Adagio of Sonate Pathetique has been compared having a similar melodic structure and affinity of theme to the Adagio of the Ninth Symphony written during the last period almost twenty-five years later. This Adagio movement is in the singing style and demands great emotion from the performer. Although this pa rticular movement was written during Beethovens first period, the great emotion and contemplation, the peace and introspection that characterized his third period seem to be present (McLeish pg. 58-76). Beethoven had a powerful personality that awed everyone. His high-voltage personality coupled with his high-voltage genius, Beethoven was able to live his life on his own terms in everything except his deafness. He was only 5 feet, 4 inches, broad, with a large head, lots of hair, protruding-teeth, a small nose and a bad habit of spitting. He was clumsy, sullen and suspicious, touchy, forgetful, and prone to rages of temper. As a bachelor, he was incredibly messy and had no servants because they would not put up with him (Schonberg, pg. 110-111). In 1802 Beethoven was told his deafness was incurable. This knowledge caused a violent change in his character which brought about a big change in his music. The boisterousness of his youth turned into a mature artist pondering and placing e ach effect. Many of Beethovens most popular works date from this time. The Emperor Piano Concerto, the Violin Concerto, the Third to Seventh Symphonies, the Razumovsky were composed at this